Phase 2 · 9 min

Verbs: ます form

Three groups, four forms

Dictionary form is what you find in a dictionary. ます form is the polite present, used at work. Verbs split into three groups by how they change.

Last kana shifts to い-column + ますLast kana shifts to i-column + masu
Drop る, add ますDrop ru, add masu
Only two
飲みませんnomimasen
飲みませんでしたnomimasendeshita
飲みませんかnomimasenka
اردو

From Urdu

Japanese verbs conjugate for tense and politeness only, never for gender or number. No پیتا/پیتی/پیتے: 飲みます covers all of them. Present ます doubles as future, like Urdu پیتا ہوں can mean 'I drink' and 'I will drink'.

ไทย

From Thai

Thai verbs never change; Japanese ones do. If you feel the urge to add แล้ว for past, that is ました. If you want จะ for future, do nothing: present ます already covers it.

mainichi kōdo o kakimasu

I write code every day.

kinou wa kaigi ni demasendeshita

I did not attend the meeting yesterday.

Present ます also means future. 「明日行きます」 = 'I will go tomorrow.'

Check yourself

1 / 6

8 cards

Add them to spaced repetition

Cards in this lesson (8)

nomu

to drink → 飲みます

taberu

to eat → 食べます

suru

to do → します

kuru

to come → 来ます

kaku

to write → 書きます

〜masen

polite negative present

〜mashita

polite past

〜mashou

let's…

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Adjectives

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